Today’s story takes us back to the city of Corinth, which was the home of a Christian community founded by Paul. Paul, as an apostle, traveled between cities, planting churches and then, checked back in with them, after he has left. Today’s reading is taken from a letter - likely one of four - that Paul wrote to the church in Corinth after hearing that they were experiencing conflict. As you listen, I invite you to take the clay and begin to shape it into the form of a human body. We read...
If I speak in the tongues of mortals and of angels, but do not have love, I am a noisy gong or a clanging cymbal. And if I have prophetic powers, and understand all mysteries and all knowledge, and if I have all faith, so as to remove mountains, but do not have love, I am nothing. If I give away all my possessions, and if I hand over my body so that I may boast, but do not have love, I gain nothing.
Love is patient; love is kind; love is not envious or boastful or arrogant or rude. It does not insist on its own way; it is not irritable or resentful; it does not rejoice in wrongdoing, but rejoices in the truth. It bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.
Love never ends. But as for prophecies, they will come to an end; as for tongues, they will cease; as for knowledge, it will come to an end. For we know only in part, and we prophesy only in part; but when the complete comes, the partial will come to an end. When I was a child, I spoke like a child, I thought like a child, I reasoned like a child; when I became an adult, I put an end to childish ways. For now we see in a mirror, dimly, but then we will see face to face. Now I know only in part; then I will know fully, even as I have been fully known. And now faith, hope, and love abide, these three; and the greatest of these is love. --1 Corinthians 13:1-13 (NRSV)
Grace, mercy, and peace to you from God our Father and from our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ. Amen.
The Corinthian congregation was beset with division.
Situated in a cosmopolitan and diverse city, the church was immersed in a pluralistic culture. People came into the community with many different beliefs, from different classes, slaves and free, Jew and Gentile, from a variety of national and ethnic groups present in the city.
So, it was only to be expected that this diversity would be present in the church and would lead to division and conflict. Some of the examples of this division and conflict, and of the problems addressed by Paul in his letter include factions within the congregation, including members who had brought lawsuits against each other. There was an abuse of Eucharistic practices where certain people, mostly of lower class, were being excluded from communion. There was even a man engaged in a very public affair with his step mother. Perhaps most troubling to Paul was that the church seemed to have accepted a spirituality that led some to deny the resurrection.
The church was a mess.
Last week I mentioned that much of the division came from a desire for status. Some of this status revolved around the issue of spiritual gifts and whether certain gifts were better than others. As our reading opened, we heard Paul mention a few of these gifts. Did you catch them? The gift of speaking in tongues. The gift of prophesy, the ability to speak the prophetic word. The gift of generosity.
These were only a few, but there were many other gifts present in the congregation - gifts poured out on them by the Holy Spirit. Gifts such as administration, hospitality, leadership, discernment, healing, knowledge, evangelism, teaching, miracles, mercy, service, and faith. Among others.
In the chapter that precedes today’s reading, Paul begins to address this dispute over certain spiritual gifts and whether some are more important than others.
To do so, he uses a comparison with the human body.
This was a metaphor that the community would have been familiar with. It was common in Greek and Roman political speeches to use this metaphor of the body to encourage social unity based on a certain hierarchy...that certain parts of the body were more important than other parts. That those that were weaker were dispensable. That those that were more important were treated with greater respect and honor.
Paul turns this cultural understanding upside down. He writes of a “more excellent way” of being the body - of being the body of Christ - urging the Corinthians to understand that every part of the body is important. That no part is unnecessary. That the weaker parts are as important as the stronger parts. That when one part of the body rejoices, all rejoice. And that one part of the body suffers, all suffer.
Paul challenges the church in Corinth to understand that, as they are reveling in their newfound gifts given to them by the Holy Spirit, they have completely missed the point. They have failed to understand that their gifts were ultimately to be used for the edification - for the building up - of others.
Because this is what love does. Because this is what love is. Love is a gift that is greater than the ability to prophesy, to fathom spiritual mysteries, to speak in other tongues. Love is a love that loves the other more than oneself.
Love is what God is.
It’s at the cross where Love is found. Where Christ is patient and kind. Not envious or boastful. Not rude or seeking advantage. Not irritable or keeping a record of his complaints. Not rejoicing in wrongdoing, but in the truth. It is at the cross where Christ bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.
For the Corinthian church. For you. And for me.
This love is the force that can make Corinth a community again. This love nourishes and sustains all Christian communities, including ours. This love shapes us and our love, as this passage in 1st Corinthians 13 becomes the poetry and prayer that puts us in touch with what we now are not and reminds us of who and what we were meant to be. It is the foundation of our freedom that allows us to maintain and establish relationships and that turns us outward. To live caring and compassionate lives, not only in our church, but outside our church and especially for the neighbor in need.
Each of us comes here in all our diversity and differences. With numerous gifts and abilities. We are not asked to leave this diversity and difference at the door. Unity and diversity - like the body and its parts - are not incompatible.
But what we are asked to do is to love one another in the same kind of self-sacrificing way of Christ on the cross.
Find a piece of clay or Play-Dough or make your own. Then, out of it, form a clay figure. Imagine if everyone in our community did this. Would you notice that we come in all different colors and shapes, from all different places and experiences? With all different kinds of opinions and gifts? That this is how God has created each one of us to be? But, do you also notice that, together in our diversity, we are a beautiful and unified body of Christ.
May you know that you are unique. May you know that you are an important part of this body of Christ. May you know that you have been given amazing gifts by God to be used to lift others up. And may you know that you are loved by me, by this community, and most importantly by God. And that through God’s love for you, God, you have been set free to love and serve.
Amen.
Preached online on May 17, 2020, at Grace & Glory Lutheran Church, Goshen, KY.
Easter 6
Readings: 1 Corinthians 13:1-13; Mark 12:28-31; Psalm 119:1-8
In the time of King Herod, after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem, asking, “Where is the child who has been born king of the Jews? For we observed his star at its rising, and have come to pay him homage.” When King Herod heard this, he was frightened, and all Jerusalem with him; and calling together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he inquired of them where the Messiah was to be born. They told him, “In Bethlehem of Judea; for so it has been written by the prophet:
‘And you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah,
are by no means least among the rulers of Judah;
for from you shall come a ruler
who is to shepherd my people Israel.’”
Then Herod secretly called for the wise men and learned from them the exact time when the star had appeared. Then he sent them to Bethlehem, saying, “Go and search diligently for the child; and when you have found him, bring me word so that I may also go and pay him homage.” When they had heard the king, they set out; and there, ahead of them, went the star that they had seen at its rising, until it stopped over the place where the child was. When they saw that the star had stopped, they were overwhelmed with joy. On entering the house, they saw the child with Mary his mother; and they knelt down and paid him homage. Then, opening their treasure chests, they offered him gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. And having been warned in a dream not to return to Herod, they left for their own country by another road.
Now after they had left, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream and said, “Get up, take the child and his mother, and flee to Egypt, and remain there until I tell you; for Herod is about to search for the child, to destroy him.” Then Joseph got up, took the child and his mother by night, and went to Egypt, and remained there until the death of Herod. This was to fulfill what had been spoken by the Lord through the prophet, “Out of Egypt I have called my son.”
When Herod saw that he had been tricked by the wise men, he was infuriated, and he sent and killed all the children in and around Bethlehem who were two years old or under, according to the time that he had learned from the wise men. Then was fulfilled what had been spoken through the prophet Jeremiah:
“A voice was heard in Ramah,
wailing and loud lamentation,
Rachel weeping for her children;
she refused to be consoled, because they are no more.”
When Herod died, an angel of the Lord suddenly appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt and said, “Get up, take the child and his mother, and go to the land of Israel, for those who were seeking the child’s life are dead.” Then Joseph got up, took the child and his mother, and went to the land of Israel. But when he heard that Archelaus was ruling over Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there. And after being warned in a dream, he went away to the district of Galilee. There he made his home in a town called Nazareth, so that what had been spoken through the prophets might be fulfilled, “He will be called a Nazorean.” Matthew 2:1-23 (NRSV)
Grace and peace to you, from God, our Creator, and from our Savior Jesus, the Messiah, who is Christ the Lord. Amen.
We’ve really romanticized this story, haven’t we? It’s not often that we hear this full second chapter of Matthew on this day. Usually, on Epiphany, we hear only the story of the three magi and the star. Notice, I use the word “magi” instead of “wise men” because this is what they were - magi. Short for magician. Not the magicians that we know, but more like astrologers. Those who look to the stars and to the heavens for answers.
We’re romanticized this story, creating a myth that there were three magi, led by the star, from very far away. Assuming that, from the number of gifts in the story, there are three of them, although our text never says that.
We’ve romanticized the gifts themselves. The three gifts. Gold, frankincense, and myrrh. We’ve created our own imagery around these gifts. That gold was given to represent Jesus as king. And of his kingly reign. Then frankincense. That it was given to represent Jesus in his priestly role, since this fragrant oil was used by the temple priests in their rituals of sacrifice. And, then, the third gift, myrrh, an oil used to prepare bodies for burial. Given to represent the sacrifice of Jesus. His death. For us.
We’ve developed such a lovely and romantic story around the coming of the magi, that it is hard to hear the entire story. The full story. Not only the story of the magi, who follow the star to find this new king. But, also the story of Herod. And of the religious leaders in Jerusalem. Herod, a puppet king, controlled by Rome, claiming to have Jewish ancestry in order to get the position. And, then, there are the religious leaders. The ones who should have been the ones to know about this king, instead of these foreigners - these Gentiles - from the east. Both Herod and the religious leaders who are frightened by the possibility of a new king rising up to claim power. All of Jerusalem, which was the center of power. Threatened by a baby.
And, then, there is the worst part of the story, a story that is often called, “The Slaughter of the Innocents.” The killing of children two years old and under. Out of fear and out of Herod’s anger at the act of civil disobedience by the magi. As they, not trusting Herod, disobey his order to return and tell him where this new king is. With the result that Herod, in his fury, orders innocent children to be killed.
Perhaps we have romanticized this Epiphany story, glossing over all of the evil, because it feels too close to home. Too close to our own world, two thousand years later.
And, yet, if we look closely at this story, there are those small places of hope. Those small lights in the midst of the darkness. There is the warning to the magi in a dream to return another way. Instead of via Jerusalem and without providing intelligence about the child to Herod.
There is the angel who appears to Joseph again, in a dream. And warns him to go to Egypt. To take Mary and the child and flee. To become refugees in a land that once imprisoned and enslaved Joseph’s ancestors. To be safe from Herod.
And, then, there is the very star itself. Called the Bethlehem Star. That, if you listened carefully to the story this morning, you heard that the magi first noticed it at its rising. That it was lost along the way. Yet, that after the magi had set out from Jerusalem, it appeared once again. Leading them and then stopping over the very place where the young Jesus was.
I stumbled upon an article this week by Craig Chester, an astronomer who co-founded the Monterey Institute for Research in Astronomy. This Star of Bethlehem, he writes, “is a mystery and a puzzle, involving not only theology and astronomy, but also history and even astrology.”
Theologians and astronomers and historians for years have struggled over this story. Trying to understand who the Magi were. Where they came from. When they might have appeared in Judea. Trying to connect historical timelines with astronomical knowledge to find out if this story of the star and of the magi is true. Even though, for us, we know that the gospels are not written necessarily for historical or other scientific purposes, but to provide theological understanding for God’s people.
And, yet, Dr. Chester tells this story, from his perspective as an astronomer. That in 3 and 2 BC, astronomers know that there were a series of close conjunctions involving Jupiter. Interestingly, the planet Jupiter represents kingship, coronations, and the birth of kings. In Hebrew, Jupiter was known as Sedeq or “righteousness,” a term that was also used for the Messiah.
In September of 3 BC, for example, the planet Jupiter came into conjunction with Regulus, the star of kingship, in the brightest constellation of Leo, which was the constellation of kings. It was also a constellation associated with the Lion of Judah - a reference that is made in Hebrew scripture to the Messiah. In that month, the royal planet approached the royal star in the royal constellation representing Israel. Just a month earlier, Jupiter and Venus, the Mother planet and the planet of love, had almost seemed to touch each other in another close conjunction, also in Leo. And, then, the conjunction between Jupiter and Regulus was repeated. Not once, but twice, in February and May of 2 BC. Finally, in June of 2 BC, Jupiter and Venus, the two brightest objects in the sky except for the sun and the moon, experienced an even closer encounter when their disks appeared to touch. To the naked eye they became a single bright object above the setting sun.
Chester argues that the Magi, being the skilled astrologers that they were, could not have missed this exceptionally rare spectacle. That the astrological significance of these events must have been seen by them as the announcement of the impending birth of a great king of Israel.
Now all of this is incredibly fascinating. At least, it was to me. But there’s one more observation made by Dr. Chester. You see, planets normally move eastward through the stars, not westward as they would have had to move to reach Bethlehem. They also regularly exhibit what are called retrograde loops, which are points in the sky when they appear to slow, come to a full stop, and move backward (or westward) through the sky for weeks. As a planet nears the end of a retrograde loop, it slows, stops, and then resumes its eastward course. Chester argues that it seems plausible that the Magi were “overjoyed” at again seeing before them His star - Jupiter - which, at its stationary point, was standing still over Bethlehem. He argues this because astronomers know for certain that Jupiter performed a retrograde loop in 2 BC. And that it was at its stationary point on December 25th.
Now, I don’t know the truth or even the significance of Dr. Chester’s article. What I do know, though, is that, as we read through this story that has both great joy and deep sadness, we see these points of light appearing in the midst of darkness. Dreams. Angels. A Star. Points of light that guide the magi and Joseph out of darkness. Small moments of guidance. Moments of God’s guidance.
Because this, I think, is how God guides us throughout our lives. Through small points of light - star gifts - small moments that lead us out of darkness to the light and the joy of the incarnation. To the coming of God to earth to be present with us for all time.
And, so, this morning, I have a small point of light for you. We call these Star Gifts. There are a number of stars here. On each is a word that I would like you to reflect on for the coming year. Hang it somewhere, where you can see it every day. And, then, like Mary, ponder the significance of this Word on your life this year. Wonder how God might be speaking to you through this simple Word. Notice that you are not asked to give anything, but invited to receive. Because this is always the order of things in God’s realm - God always gives first. And then we are invited to respond with our gifts and ourselves.
May this star gift provide for us moments this year to ponder the incarnation of God. How God comes to us. How God speaks to us. And how God guides us, just as God did the magi so very long ago. Amen.
Preached January 6, 2019, at Grace & Glory Lutheran Church, Goshen, KY.
Feast of Epiphany
Readings: Matthew 2:1-23; Psalm 96:10-13
